3.1 Introduction: Regulating the Hunting Industry in Tanzania

Lawyers' Environmental Action Team (LEAT)
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REGULATING THE HUNTING INDUSTRY IN TANZANIA

Reflections on the Legislative, Institutional and Policy-Making Frameworks

Introduction

List of Abbreviations

Acknowledgements

I. The Development of the Hunting Industry in Tanzania: A Historical Perspective

	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Hunting in the Pre-Colonial Era
	1.3 The Hunting Industry in the Colonial Period
	1.4. The Status of the Hunting Industry in the Post-Colonial Era

II. Implementation of International Legal Instruments Relating to Hunting

	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 The African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1968
	2.3 The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, 1973
	2.4 The Southern African Development Community Protocol on Wildlife Conservation and Law Enforcement, 1999

III. A Review of Legislation and Policy Regulating the Hunting Industry

	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Policy
	3.3 Legislation

IV. Salient Features and Constraints in the Legal, Policy-Making and Institutional Frameworks

	4.1 Potentiality for Arbitrary Use and Abuse of Power
	4.2 Professionalism and the Hunting Industry
	4.3 Voices from the Local People

V. Conclusion and Recommendations

Bibliography

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III. A REVIEW OF LEGISLATION AND POLICY REGULATING THE HUNTING INDUSTRY

3.1 Introduction

Towards the end of 1984 and early 1985, Tanzania experienced an invasion of the hunting industry by both local and foreign investors. The cause of the invasion was primarily due to the liberalization and free trade policy that the government introduced in an attempt to revamp the dwindling economy. The sudden upsurge of investors in the hunting business witnessed an emanation of violations of hunting conventions, norms, rules, regulations and legislative provisions.

Incidents and allegations of corruption and bribery within most of the government organs charged with overseeing the control and regulation of hunting became the order of the day with the emergence of private investment in the industry. The launching of strong anti-poaching campaigns by the government and the revision of hunting regulations in 1989 did little to alleviate the situation. A Commission appointed by the government to investigate and advise the government on the state of and allegations of corrupt practices in all sectors of the economy attests to this assertion.²²

There are admittedly a number of factors that may explain the causes of the problems that have persistently plagued the hunting industry. One of the areas in which irregularities abound in the hunting industry has been discussed at length.²³ An analysis of the provisions of the legislative and policy frameworks in view of the recurring controversies regarding the legal and policy regimes governing the hunting industry has, however, not been given the treatment it deserves. A commentary on this, it is hoped, will provoke more thoughts to call for a reform to improve the performance of the industry.

See generally the Presidential Commission of Inquiry Against Corruption Report, Vol. 2 1996 pp. 338 and 410
See Rugemeleza Nshalla, "Granting Hunting Blocks in Tanzania: A Case for Reform" September, 1999.

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