B. Key Environmental Issues

The symptoms of the problems in the wildlife sector of the economy are revealed by census counts on species, which show the decrease in numbers, lower reproductive rates, and loss of the over-all diversity in species which affects the whole biological life cycle in some areas (given the inter-dependence of various species).

The following issues are defined as the causes of the problems within the wildlife sector:

• Over-hunting and non-sustainable hunting methods not based on reliable data regarding reproduction or over-all survival of species
• Over-capture and non-sustainable capture of live animals for export
• Poor export conditions in holding companies or with intermediate traders
• Illegal hunting

Relevant Institutions, Laws and Subsidiary Legislation Related to Environment

Institutions:

• Tanzania Wildlife Corporation (TAWICO)
• Ministry of Tourism, Natural Resources and Environment, Division of Wildlife
• TANAPA
• Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority

Laws and Subsidiary Legislation Related to Environment:

• Wildlife Conservation Act
• National Parks Ordinance
• Ngorongoro Conservation Area Ordinance
• Marine Parks Act

International Agreements to which Tanzania is a Party:

• African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
• Convention Relative to the Preservation of Fauna and Flora in their Natural State
• Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage

Possible Licenses and Permits Required:

• Application for a Game License (Commercial Hunting)
• Trophy Certificate of Registration (Manufactured Trophy)
• Application for a Permit to Capture Animals
• Permit to Capture Animals
• Trappers' Card
• Permission to hunt in National Parks (TANAPA)
• Permission to hunt in Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCAA Authority)